The citadel of Gauḍa served as the capital of the Gauḍa Kingdom, the Pala Empire, and the Sena Empire. The Bengal famine of 1770 claimed millions of lives due to tax policies enacted by the British company. [217] In 1855 the Hindu College was renamed the Presidency College. [4], West Bengal is religiously diverse, with regional cultural and religious specificities. The data for 2020 & 2021 is under process and will be updated in few weeks. [160][161] The proportion of people living below the poverty line in 2013 was 19.98%, a decline from 31.8% a decade ago. [3] West Bengal also has the 28th-highest ranking among Indian states in human development index, with the index value being less than that of India. Singur Block of Hugli district has total population of 276413 as per the Census 2011. [201], West Bengal produces several varieties of cotton and silk saris in the country. It also borders the Indian states of Odisha, Jharkhand, Bihar, Sikkim and Assam. Panta bhat (rice soaked overnight in water) with onion and green chili is a traditional dish consumed in rural areas. According to the 2011 census, West Bengals scheduled caste population of 1.84 crore is a crucial vote bank. Darjeeling is a Lok Sabha / Parliamentary constituency in of West Bengal and is located in Central India. [12] The Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971 resulted in an influx of millions of refugees to West Bengal, causing significant strains on its infrastructure. Some prominent financial dailies such as: The Economic Times, Financial Express, Business Line and Business Standard are widely circulated. The state has a total area of 88,752 square kilometres (34,267 sq mi). [147] Surjapuri, a language considered to be a mix of Maithili and Bengali, is spoken across northern parts of the state. [148] The Darjeeling district also has a large Nepali immigrant population, making Nepali a widely spoken language there. In 2012, Uttar Pradesh had the largest number of cattle but this population has come down by almost 4 per cent since. During the arrival of the monsoons, low pressure in the Bay of Bengal region often leads to the formation of storms in the coastal areas. Rabindra Jayanti, Kolkata Book Fair, Kolkata Film Festival, and Nazrul Jayanti. [220], Other higher education institutes of importance in West Bengal include: St. Xavier's College, Kolkata, Indian Institute of Foreign Trade, Indian Institute of Management Calcutta (the first IIM), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Indian Statistical Institute, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (the first IIT), Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur (the first IIEST), Indian Institute of Information Technology, Kalyani, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, National Institute of Technical Teachers' Training and Research, Kolkata, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, and West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences. The Left Front, led by the Communist Party of India (Marxist), governed the state for the next three decades. To conclude it, the population of West Bengal in 2019 as per estimates = 96.33904 Million. [150], The state's official languages are Bengali and English;[4] Dial-up access is provided throughout the state by BSNL and other providers. The idols of the goddess are brought in from Kumortuli, where idol-makers work throughout the year fashioning clay-models of the goddess. It is celebrated with much fanfare in Kolkata as well as in rural Bengal. [98] Recognising its special conservation value, the Sundarbans area has been declared a Biosphere Reserve. Going through the figures from 2015-19; it can be seen that the population of West Bengal grew by 2.23904 Million in the past 5 years. Secondary schools are affiliated with the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE), the Central Board for Secondary Education (CBSE), the National Institute of Open School (NIOS), West Bengal Board of Secondary Education, or the West Bengal Board of Madrasah Education. [164][165], A study conducted in three districts of West Bengal found that accessing private health services to treat illness had a catastrophic impact on households. [167], The Bengali language boasts a rich literary heritage it shares with neighbouring Bangladesh. [98] The mangrove forest also acts as a natural fish nursery, supporting coastal fishes along the Bay of Bengal. Sweets such as narkol-naru, til-naru, moa and payesh are prepared during festivals such as Lakshmi puja. [80], The main river in West Bengal is the Ganges, which divides into two branches. The Dinhata city is divided into 15 wards for which elections are held every 5 years. [89] Reserves and protected and unclassed forests constitute 59.4%, 31.8% and 8.9%, respectively, of forested areas, as of 2009. This figure shows that the yearly population increase is of 0.43984 Million. Rabindrasangeet, songs composed and set to words by Rabindranath Tagore, and Nazrul geeti (by Kazi Nazrul Islam) are popular. [207], Christmas, called Bôŗodin (Great day) is perhaps the next major festival celebrated in Kolkata, after Durga Puja. Bengali 24-hour television news channels include ABP Ananda, News18 Bangla, Tara Newz, Kolkata TV, News Time, Zee 24 Ghanta, Mahuaa Khobor, CTVN Plus, Channel 10 and R Plus. Winter (December–January) is mild over the plains with average minimum temperatures of 15 °C (59 °F). In early summer, brief squalls and thunderstorms known as Kalbaisakhi, or Nor'westers, often occur. Dinhata is a Municipality city in district of Koch Bihar, West Bengal. [37], Rajendra Chola I of the Chola dynasty invaded some areas of Bengal between 1021 and 1023. [4] In 2012, the state government passed a bill granting additional official status to Hindi, Odia, Punjabi, Santali and Urdu in areas where speakers exceed 10% of the population. universal among the 6 to 14-year age group then drops to 70% with the 15 to 17-year age group. [20][21], In 2011 the Government of West Bengal proposed a change in the official name of the state to PaschimBanga (Bengali: পশ্চিমবঙ্গ Pôshchimbônggô). West Bengal has a long tradition of folk literature, evidenced by the Charyapada, a collection of Buddhist mystic songs dating back to the 10th and 11th centuries; Mangalkavya, a collection of Hindu narrative poetry composed around the 13th century; Shreekrishna Kirtana, a pastoral Vaishnava drama in verse composed by Boru Chandidas; Thakurmar Jhuli, a collection of Bengali folk and fairy tales compiled by Dakshinaranjan Mitra Majumder; and stories of Gopal Bhar, a court jester in medieval Bengal. West Bengal Budget: Money to be spent in areas and communities that backed BJP in 2019 Through the Budget, presented by Finance Minister Amit Mitra in the Assembly on Monday, the ruling Trinamool Congress also tried to win back the support of Matua community — a Scheduled Caste group with presence in at least six Parliamentary constituencies. [188][189][190], There are significant examples of fine arts in Bengal from earlier times, including the terracotta art of Hindu temples and the Kalighat paintings. The Muslim voter is expected to play a key role in the West Bengal elections. … The state's main ethnic group are the Bengalis, with the Bengali Hindus forming the demographic majority. Of grains Bhavan, housing the school of RKMVU and an institution of National importance 15 17-year. The year fashioning clay-models of the total population of 7.01 %, as of,... 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