Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador, Tropicos website. Potato. Index to Plant Chromosome Numbers (IPCN), Tropicos website. Quattrocchi U, 2012. Please consider upgrading your browser to the latest version or installing a new browser. The tetraploid plants are most important worldwide; they are classified into two cultivar groups: cv. The cultivated potato originated in the Peru-Colombia-Chile region of the South American Andes, but has a wide-ranging centre of diversity from Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Argentina, and Chile across the Pampa and Chaco regions of Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and southern Brazil and northward into Central America, Mexico, and the southwestern United States (Kiple and Ornelas, 2000; Wagner et al., 2014). Estimating the global severity of potato late blight with GIS-linked disease forecast models. The Pinatubo Negritos. Holm L, Pancho J V, Herberger J P, Plucknett D L, 1979. Clinical Overview Use. New York, USA: Charles Scribner's Sons. Common Name: potato . 1192 pp. In plants growing from tubers, adventitious roots arise from the nodes of the underground stems. High light intensities favour dry matter production through their effect on photosynthesis. Pesticide Outlook, 11(6):230-232; 11 ref. Holm LG, Pancho JV, Herberger JP, Plucknett DL, 1979. Flora of Nicaragua, Tropicos website. Malabar, Florida, USA: Krieger Publishing Company. Boydston and Seymour (2002) found that fluroxypyr plus bromoxynil reduced tuber weight of S. tuberosum acting as a weed in onion. Distinguished from tomato by entire or more shallowly-toothed margins and no lobing, though there are tomato cultivars with indistinguishable leaves. Worldwide, the use of potatoes for alcohol production is negligible, but can be important in some locations. Bolivia. Urban I, 1898-1928. The vegetable known as sweet Medicinal plants of Asia and the Pacific. Taiwan Plant Names, eFloras website., St. Louis, MO and Cambridge, MA, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden and Harvard University Herbaria. The vegetable known as sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L. (Linnaeus)) Lam. [English title not available]. Duke (1983) states: In the USA, potatoes are injured by more than 100 species of insects, especially the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata). http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/hawaiianflora/index.htm. Seed flat, subcircular to ovate, 1-3 mm in diameter, pale yellow-brownish. Flora of St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. For North Carolina's climate and soil, some of the most reliable cultivars include thinner skinned potatoes such as ‘Yukon Gold’, ‘Kennebec’, and ‘Red Pontiac’. The taxonomy of the genus and its seven subgenera has undergone many revisions, but the overall genus consists of herbs, shrubs, trees, and herbaceous or woody vines, usually with spines or prickles, glabrous or pubescent with simple or stellate hairs (Acevedo-Rodriguez, 1996). St. Louis, Missouri and Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden and Harvard University Herbaria. Optimum day temperatures for dry matter production are within the range 20-25°C. tuberosum (L.) Hawkes, Highly adaptable to different environments, Tolerates, or benefits from, cultivation, browsing pressure, mutilation, fire etc, Benefits from human association (i.e. Polipoli, Maui, Hawaii, USA. 2.5 Taxonomy and genetics . In many Asian countries, potatoes are part of various curry dishes. Hawkes JG, Francisco-Ortega J, 1993. London, UK: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Boydston RA, Seymour MD, 2002. Control of volunteer potatoes in sugar beet with clopyralid + ethofumesate. Potatoes are an essential component of the diet of humans and animals and can be a potential source of food poisoning. Impermeable layers in the soil limit rooting depth and the amount of available water, and so greatly reduce yields. After harvest, tubers usually enter a period of dormancy, the duration of which depends on cultivar, maturity of the tuber, soil and climatic conditions during growth, and storage conditions. Costa Rica. Solanaceae in China. Root system usually 40-50 cm deep, without obstructions up to 1 m. Tubers developing at the tip of the stolons, globose to ellipsoid, very variable in size, weight and colour; tuber skin with scars of scale leaves ('eyebrows'), axillary buds ('eyes', usually several eye buds per eyebrow), numerous lenticels, almost impermeable to chemicals, gases and liquids, providing good protection against microorganisms and water loss; number of eyes very variable, normally about 10-15 on a tuber of 50 g. Stems up to 1.5 cm in diameter, usually hollow, winged; wings sometimes decurrent and undulate-crenulate. New York, Chichester (), Brisbane, Toronto, UK: John Wiley and Sons. EXTREMELY TOXIC, DO NOT EAT. Water the tubers thoroughly two weeks before harvesting, and leave them to dry on the soil surface for … The potato is among the world’s most important crop plants. Kula Agriculture Station, Maui, Hawaii, USA. Kuc J, 1982. Beltsville, Maryland, USA: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory. The Cambridge world history of food. Goji. Solanum tuberosum. Datura innoxia. Hughes MJ, Pitt AJ, Gorogo GD, Waiange JK, 1989. Structural class. Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately). Flora of Missouri, eFloras website. Solanum tuberosum, known as potato or Irish potato, is a cool-season vegetable that ranks with wheat and rice as one of the most important staples in the human diet. The potato in the human diet. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report. This species can survive frosts down to 26 degrees F (-3.5 C) (). Origin of Cultivated Plants. Family Group. Proceedings of the 10th Easter School in Agricultural Science. Vascular – Exotic. tuberosum). Square-shaped stems, sometimes with wings on the edges. With growing interest in the crop, supplementary introductions from South America were made to both these regions. Wyk BEvan, 2005. Compendium record. The general growth and development patterns of potato plants are characteristic within cultivars, but also vary with the environment and fertilizer treatments. Category : Veggies. Antioquia. L. I. Kostina (0 active accession[s]) Solanum tuberosum L. subsp. http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/hawaiianflora/index.htm. ; [Bronx Co.], Van Cortlandt Park, S.L. Solanum tuberosum, or the common Potato was introduced into Europe in 1565 and fairly quickly became the staple food of large parts of the world. tuberosum. Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA: Centre for New Crops and Plant Products. Potatoes can either be harvested mature– once the tubers are fully grown and/or plant has dried up around June– or harvested early as "new" potatoes once the plants begin to flower. http://www.cambridge.org/us/books/kiple/potatoes.htm. Leaves alternate, petiolate, odd pinnately compound, with or without numerous interstitial leaflets, in outline 10-30 cm x 5-15 cm; lateral leaflets opposite or alternate, usually 3-4 pairs, very unequal in size, largest ones stalked, ovate to ovate-elliptical, 2-10 cm x 1-6 cm, smallest ones subsessile, ovate to suborbicular, 1-15 mm in diameter; terminal leaflet usually largest; all leaflets thinly to densely pubescent, dark green, pinnatinerved. Hunziker AT, 1979. In Antioquia, Colombia, the species has been reported at elevations of 2000-2500 m in Lower Montane Rain Forest (bh-MB) and Lower Montane Wet Forest (Vascular Plants of Antioquia, 2014). Plant population is, therefore, best expressed as number of stems, rather than number of plants. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. NCBI BLAST name: eudicots. more details ... Back. Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of the Department of Antioquia (Colombia), Tropicos website. {Potatoes}. General information about Solanum tuberosum (SOLTU) Andean region of South America. The World Potato Congress. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is the most common method for the incorporation of foreign genes into the genome of potato as well as many other species in the Solanaceae family. The Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Ecuador. http://www.theplantlist.org. It is considered an agricultural weed on plantations and cultivated fields in parts of the Pacific Islands where it has been introduced (Randall, 2012). In: The Biology and taxonomy of the Solanaceae [ed. Potatoes may be grown in trenches to make the process of hilling easier. An-ming L, 1986. However, naturally sprouted tubers without the use of chemicals are preferred as they give more uniform germination and better growth. Solanum venturii is a wild potato native to Argentina. New York, USA: Columbia University Press, 79-85. A Global Compendium of Weeds., Perth, Australia: Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia. Herbarium Name Used: Solanum tuberosum Werier (2017) voucher! Main and secondary stems grow and behave like independent plants, and develop roots, stolons and tubers. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=101, USDA-ARS, 2014. September, 2007. Genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) Mitochondrial genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) Plastid genetic code: Translation table 11 (Bacterial, Archaeal and Plant Plastid) Other names: common name (s) Dutch processors produced 1.47 million t of frozen French fries in 1990 compared with 6000 t in 1960. var. Solanaceae of Mesoamerica. Solanum tuberosum -potato on way from Gangria to Govindghat at Valley of Flowers National Park - during LGFC - VOF 2019 (7).jpg 4,608 × 3,456; 5.68 MB Solanum tuberosum 001.JPG 1,772 … Solanum tuberosum is a PERENNIAL. Diseases of S. tuberosum are numerous and widespread, affecting yield and quality where the plant is grown as a crop. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=101. Acta Mycologica Sinica. The leaves die back after the tubers have finished maturing. In: Solanaceae: Biology and Systematics. 2.4 Common name(s) Solanum tuberosum is commonly known in Canada as Irish potato, potato, white potato, yellow potato, red potato, and pomme de terre (USDA (United States Department of Agriculture)­ARS (Agricultural Research Service) 2014). Common Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Description. Common Name(s): Potatoes. Common name(s) Potatoes. Once the period of natural dormancy has ended, the seed tuber passes through various subsequent physiological stages: apical dominance of sprouts, multiple sprouting and senility. Medicinal Uses. Common Name. Foraging societies living in upland regions where the species occurs in the wild, such as the indigenous Aeta and Igarot of the Philippines, consider the presence of the species beneficial as it provides much nutrition (Fox, 1952). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of the Department of Antioquia (Colombia), Tropicos website., St. Louis, Missouri and Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden and Harvard University Herbaria. It is widespread in cultivation, with major producers including China, Russia, Poland, the USA, Ukraine, Germany and India. reduce yields by feeding on the foliage. van der Zaag DE, Horton D, 1983. The scientific basis for improvement. References. Solanaceae: Biology and Systematics. (Bot.) http://botany.si.edu/Antilles/WestIndies/catalog.htm. Wallingford, UK: CABI, CABI, Undated a. CABI Compendium: Status inferred from regional distribution. The potato is a perennial plant that is easy to grow and wonderful to eat, freshly dug from the garden. chiloense (A. http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder, Navarre R, Pavek MJ, 2014. Missouri Botanical Garden Plant Finder, 2014. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, 45:1-590. In Papua New Guinea, for example, optimum growth of potato takes place at altitudes between 1500 and 2200 m above sea-level, where day temperatures are about 25°C and night temperatures about 20°C. Rahman (1980) reviews the literature on S. tuberosum as a weed, including mechanical, cultural and chemical control methods. CRC world dictionary of medicinal and poisonous plants: common names, scientific names, eponyms, synonyms, and etymology [ed. London, UK: Cassell and Co., 391 pp. A specimen of the species was collected in Haiti in 1928 (Smithsonian Herbarium Collection). > 10°C, Cold average temp. Vegetable production and practices., Vegetable production and practices:ix + 476 pp. Many cultivars exist in varying textures, sizes, and colors that are suited for a variety of culinary uses. Solanum tuberosum. by Hawkes, J. G. \Lester, R. N. \Skelding, A. D.]. Zhang Z Y, Wang Y X, Liu Y L, 1986. The PLANTS Database. The tuber is a modified stem which develops by the swelling of the tip of an underground stem (stolon). Tropicos website St. Louis, Missouri and Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden and Harvard University Herbaria. Solanaceae in New Guinea. tuberosum. Genbank common name: potato. 2.4 Common name(s) Solanum tuberosum is commonly known in Canada as Irish potato, potato, white potato, yellow potato, red potato, and pomme de terre (USDA-ARS 2014). Solanum est un genre de plantes dicotylédones de la famille des Solanaceae, sous-famille des Solanoideae, à répartition quasi-cosmopolite, mais présent surtout dans les régions tropicales d'Amérique. St. Louis, Missouri, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden. The potato. Sir Walter Raleigh (1554-1618) is often credited with first introducing the potato to Europe when he brought it back with him from Virginia and planted it near Cork, Ireland (Duke, 1983); however this is incorrect, as trade records show the Spanish conquistadors had been cultivating and exporting potatoes from Tenerife and Gran Canaria to continental Europe as early as 1567, only 30 years after the first written observation of the species in South America, and providing evidence that the species was likely first brought from the Americas to the Canary Islands, and from there to continental Spain and the rest of Europe (Candolle, 1885; Hawkes and Francisco-Ortega, 1993). It often lasts for 2-6 months, but in some cases bud growth has already started before harvest.