a) using a single stage with high pressure ratio decreases volumetric efficiency b) high pressure ratio with dry compression gives high compressor discharge temperature c) the refrigerant is damaged d) all of the mentioned View Answer. 5. In multistage compressors, with each compression cycle, the pressure increases, which leads to an increase in temperature. Carrying out the compression process in stages and cooling the gas in between the lower and higher-pressure stages will decrease the work required to compress a gas between two specified pressures. a) Two stage vapor compression with liquid intercooler and flash chamber 2. Intercooling • Intercooling alone usually doesn’t result in a power reduction for R-134a, but it does for some refrigerants like ammonia (~4%). Skip to content. In multistage compression, perfect intercooling means. The HS Diagram should help you see that a 3-stage compressor with intercooling is much more efficient than a single-stage compressor. 3. Compressing a gas increases its internal energy which in turn raises its temperature and reduces its density. Reduces work done per kg of air C. Reduces cost of compressor D. Gives more uniform torque E. All of the above Download our mobile app and study on-the-go. This set of Refrigeration Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Two/Multi Stage Compression with Water Intercooling, Liquid Subcooling and Flash Chamber – 1”. A. 1. temperature. Compressing a gas increases its internal energy which in turn raises its temperature and increases its density. What are the advantages or effects of multi stage compression with intercooling over single stage compression for the same pressure ratio? Discuss the use of flash tank for flash gas removal only (Section 12.5) 7. Temperature of air at inlet to subsequent stages is less than initial temperature [C]. When air is to be compressed at a high pressure, then it is advantageous to use. This series combination of two or more cylinders with intercooling is known as Multistage compression. Answer: Option C Flash Chamber is generally used in multistage refrigeration system. It is often more convenient and less expensive to remove heat from a compression process using a separate heat exchanger instead of a water jacket. Q. $W_T = W_{LP} + W_{HP}\\ increasing the turbine work, or both can increase it. To minimise the work of compression [D]. ... (MCQ) questions and answers >> Thermodynamics; Q. Wu et al. This is the principle behind intercooling in multi-stage compression. As the number of stages is increased, The multi stage compression as compared to single stage compression..... A. ... Multistage Compression. \frac{d}{dp_2}[\frac{1}{x}RT_1[(\frac{p_2}{p_1})^x - 1] \hspace{0.05cm}+\hspace{0.05cm}\frac{1}{y}RT_1[(\frac{p_3}{p_2})^y -1]\\ Engineering :: Heat Engines ... To enable use of small cylinders and eliminate problems of unbalanced forces [C]. An intercooler is a mechanical device used to cool a gas after compression. This reduces the input power required to drive the compressor. Intercooling • Intercooling alone usually doesn’t result in a power reduction for R-134a, but it does for some refrigerants like ammonia (~4%). Multistage compression. •At a given pressure, the specific volume can be reduced by reducing the temperature. To cool the air during compression. 6. To cool the air at delivery. Therefore, cooling the gas as it is compressed may reduce the cost of compression work in a multistage compression with intercooling as seen in Fig. Compression with Intercooling. A.Temperature of air at inlet to subsequent stages is equal to initial temperature B.Temperature of air at inlet to subsequent stages is less than initial temperature They stated that such an optimization in multistage compressors with an intercooler is highly desirable as the size of compressor system increases. If an intercooler is installed between cylinders, in which the compressed air is cooled between cylinders, then the final delivery temperature is reduced. (\frac{P_3}{P_2 })^\frac{n-1}{n}.\frac{P_3}{P_2^2}$, $P_2^2=(\frac{P_3}{P_2 })^\frac{-1}{n}. Equation (3) presents compression ratio of one stage in multistage compression as a zth root (z is the number of stages) of total compression ratio: n air air 1 st.1 0 n TT ε − = (4) n air air 1 st.2 cool n TT ε − = (5) Equations (4) and (5) are standard relations of temperatures, one stage compression ratio, and a polytrophic coefficient: Each of the stages includes the compressor and the intercooling system so that the temperature of air at the exit of each intercooler is the same as of the air entering the compressor, that is, T i. Heat Engines Mcqs. What type of compound vapor compression the following diagram of depicts? To cool air during compression : Answer: Option C $ P_2=Intermediate pressure$ To reduce the temperature of the gas at the inlet to the next stage. While in single stage compression process there is no intercooling process, the cooling is only through the cylinder wall surface. Find answer to specific questions by searching them here. Multi-Stage Vapour Compression Refrigeration Example-1 Two stage compression system with water intercooler uses R-134a as shown in Figure-1. April 26, 2019 BILAL KHATTAK 0 . In case it is desired to increase the compression ratio of compressor then multi-stage compression becomes inevitable. Fig. The intercooler may be water cooled or air cooled. 9.6; less work is required for smaller specific volume of the compressed substance. $W= {\frac{n}{n-1} mRT_1 [(P_2/P_1 )^((n-1)/n)- 1]}+ {n/(n-1) mRT_2 [(P_3/P_2 )^((n-1)/n)- 1]}$, $\frac{dW}{dP_2}=\frac{n}{n-1}.mRT_1 [(\frac{P_2}{P_1 })^\frac{n-1}{n}.\frac{1}{P_1} -0].\frac {n}{n-1} mRT_2 [(\frac{P_3}{P_2} )^\frac{n-1}{n}.\frac{P_3}{-P_2^2 }- 0 ] $, $0=T_1 (\frac{P_2}{P_1 })^\frac{-1}{n}.\frac{1}{P_1} - T_2 (\frac{P_3}{P_2}) ^\frac{-1}{n}.\frac{P_3}{P_2^2}$, $T_1. Classify multi-stage … To minimize specific work input or power consumption, in two-stage air compression with 100% isentropic efficiency and • When intercooling and flash gas removal are combined, the … Discuss multi-stage vapour compression refrigeration systems with flash gas removal and inter cooling. An intercooler is a mechanical device used to cool a gas after compression. Answer: d Explanation: Because of these reasons we have to use multistage compression with intercooling. Improves volumetric efficiency for the given pressure ratio B. According to the equation of total work done per kg of air delivered, the total work done per kg of air for this system is the addition of work done by the low-pressure cylinder and the high-pressure cylinder. Why inter cooling is used in multistage compressor? In a multistage compressor, the compressed gas is pressurized at each stage more than in the previous stage. Thus the liquid from the condenser at Multipressure Systems Which device is used for the expansion of refrigerant in vapour compression refrigeration cycle? It is present between expansion valve and evaporator coil. What is used as an intercooler in multistage compression of vapour compression refrigeration system? Thus, it is essential to reduce the air temperature. Vapour Compression Refrigeration Cycle - MCQs with Answers Q1. D. To minimize the work of compression… • Intercooling may also be done with an external liquid such as water. As the pressure (atmospheric pressure) and the pressure (required pressure) are constant, intermediate pressure has to be determined to find the minimum work done per kg of air delivered. Home; Hakkımızda; Hizmetlerimiz; Fotoğraf Galerisi; intercooling in compressor is meant for In a multi-stage compression system, the intercoolers serve two functions: 1. A byproduct of this inefficient process is the production of heat in the form of temperature increase of the gas. Reducing in air compressor size. $ P_1$=Initial pressure Classify multi-stage systems. Discuss the concept of flash gas removal using flash tank. h P P 1 1 2 2 3 3 2’ 2’ 4 4 v Savings in sp. - Published on 20 Aug 15. a. water. - Published on 20 Aug 15 both water cooling and flash-tank, the measure of refrigerant vapour handled by the high-stage compressor diminishes leading to lower power consumption. An intercooler is a mechanical device used to cool a gas after compression. Ch 8, Lesson C, Page 13 - 2-Stage Compression With Intercooling. Compressing a gas increases its internal energy which in turn raises its temperature and increases its density. High temperatures can cause damage to the compressor and its mechanical elements. p_2 = [\frac{T_3(p_3p_1)^x}{T_1}]^\frac{1}{2x}\\ p_2 = [\frac{T_3p_3^yp_1^x}{T_1}]^\frac{1}{x +y}\\ MULTISTAGE COMPRESSION: Multi staging is simply the compression of air or gas in two or more cylinders in place of a single cylinder compressor. This is called multistage compression with intercooling. Intercooling in multistage compressors is. Hi everybody! p_2^{x +y} = \frac{T_3p_3^yp_1^x}{T_1}\\ The gas is cooled to the initial temperature between the compression stages by passing the gas through a heat exchanger called the intercooler. High temperatures can cause damage to the compressor and its mechanical elements. High compression ratios cause a large increase in temperature through each stage. Derivation for intermediate pressure for perfect intercooling: (\frac{P_2}{P_1})^\frac{1}{n}.P_1 P_3.T_2/T_1$, $P_2^2=P_3^(\frac{n-1}{n}).P_2^\frac{2}{n} .P^(\frac{n-1}{n}).\frac{T_2}{T_1}$, $P_2^{2-\frac{2}{n}}=(P_3.P_1 )^\frac{n-1}{n}.\frac{T_2}{T_1}$, $P_2^{2{\frac{n-1}{n}}} = (P_3.P_1 )^{\frac{n-1}{n}}.\frac{T_2}{T_1}$, $P_2^2=P_3.P_1. Inter-cooling in multistage compressors is done. 7. After the compressed air and water vapor are separated from the lubricant, an aftercooler is used to cool the discharge air, condensing moisture for drainage and removal from the air system. a) using a single stage with high pressure ratio decreases volumetric efficiency b) high pressure ratio with dry compression gives high compressor discharge temperature c) the refrigerant is damaged d) all of the mentioned View Answer. Easier to control the air temperature. 4. Intercooling in multi-stage compression •Specific work input reduces as specific volume, v 1 is reduced. T_1p_2^{x +y} - T_3p_3^yp_1^x = 0\\ c. refrigerant itself . Temperature of air at inlet to subsequent stages is equal to initial temperature [B]. High pressure ratio gives high compressor discharge temperature C. … • When intercooling and flash gas removal are combined, the … The evaporating temperature is -25 oC and condensing temperature 47 oC.The refrigeration capacity is 8 TR and the compression is … You'll get subjects, question papers, their solution, syllabus - All in one app. It reduces the temperature of fluid to compress. Discuss the use of flash tank for intercooling only (Section 12.6) At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to: 1. 5.2.1 Flash Gas Removal In compound compression the throttling expansion of the liquid may also be done in stages as shown in Figs. Figures 12.4 (a) and (b) show the process of intercooling in two-stage compression on Pressure-specific volume (P-v) and P-h diagrams. The effluent from a single-stage compressor has a high enthalpy. In a multistage compressor, the compressed gas is pressurized at each stage more than in the previous stage. In multistage compression, perfect intercooling means [A]. $T_2^1$=temperature after 1st stage, The two methods employed for cooling between stages are water intercooling and flash intercooling with flash gas removal. C. Multistage compression with intercooling. Derive an expression for intermediate pressure in a two stage compressor when inter cooling is not perfect. (\frac{P_2}{P_1})^\frac{n-1}{n}.\frac{1}{P_1} =T_2. \textit{If intercooling is perfect},\\ B. a. throttling valve b. capillary tube c. either throttling valve or capillary tube d. none of the above View Answer / Hide Answer One of the outline issues in multi-stage compression is the determination It cannot be used next time. Therefore, cooling the gas as it is compressed may reduce the cost of compression work in a multistage compression with intercooling as seen in Fig. Flash chamber separates liquid from vapour refrigerant and sends only liquid refrigerant to evaporator and vapour to compressor by bypassing evaporator coil. What is used as an intercooler in multistage compression of vapour compression refrigeration system? p_2 = \sqrt{p_3p_1(\frac{T_3}{T_1})^\frac{1}{x}}\\ After the compressed air and water vapor are separated from the lubricant, an aftercooler is used to cool the discharge air, condensing moisture for drainage and removal from the air system. work Fig.12.4(a) & (b): Intercooling in two-stage compression The condition when the temperature of air leaving the intercooler equals the of air at the compressor intake. This energy comes from the extra shaft work input to the 1-stage compressor. $\frac{dW_T}{dp_2} = 0\\ Advantages of Multistage Compression Less Power Required: Less power is required to run a multistage compressor as compared to a single-stage compressor for the same delivery pressure and the same quantity of free air due to intercooling. A. B. Multistage compression without intercooling. \textit{If},\hspace{0.05cm}n_1 = n_2 = n,\hspace{0.05cm}\textit{then}\hspace{0.05cm}x = y\\ (\frac{T_2}{T_1})^\frac{n}{n-1}$, $P_2=\sqrt(P_1 P_3 \frac{T_2}{T_1}^\frac{n}{n-1})$, Expansions for intermediate pressure without perfect inter cooling. 4. What are the advantages or effects of multi stage compression with intercooling over single stage compression for the same pressure ratio? An intercooler typically takes the form of a heat exchanger that removes waste heat in a gas compressor. Ch 8, Lesson C, Page 16 - HS Diagram for Multi-Stage Compression. Required fields are marked *. 5.1(a) and 5.1(b). W_T = \frac{1}{x}RT_1[(\frac{p_2}{p_1})^x - 1] \hspace{0.05cm}+\hspace{0.05cm}\frac{1}{y}RT_1[(\frac{p_3}{p_2})^y -1]$. b. air. • Intercooling may also be done with an external liquid such as water. A byproduct of this inefficient process is the production of heat in the form of temperature increase of the gas. Solution. 15. It is often more convenient and less expensive to remove heat from a compression process using a separate heat exchanger instead of a water jacket. Single stage compression. Derivation for intermediate pressure: Let $ T_1$=Initial temperature, D. None of these. T_1[\frac{p_2^{x - 1}}{p_1^x}] - T_3[\frac{p_3^y}{p_2^{y + 1}} = 0\\ In multistage compressors, with each compression cycle, the pressure increases, which leads to an increase in temperature. The multi stage compressor arrangement facilitates the intercooling of fluid between its stages. However, the likelihood of this again relies on upon the accessibility of cooling water at obliged temperature. A. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Your email address will not be published. Thus, it is essential to reduce the air temperature. Go ahead and login, it'll take only a minute. What is used as an intercooler in multistage compression of vapour compression refrigeration system? Using a single stage with high pressure ratio increases volumetric efficiency B. (9.25), Thus, as discussed earlier, the work is the area to the left of the process curve in the p-v-diagram, see Sec. Why multistage compressors are mostly used than single stage compressor ? More stages are needed to increase the required final pressure. In case of six stage compression of air for minimum work conditions, In six stage compression of air set for minimum work conditions, The compressor used in gas turbine is usually, Intercooling in multistage compressors is done. – Increase delivery temperature • To achieve high pressures while avoiding those problems – Do Multistage Compression • At some intermediate pressure Pi, the gas is sent to a smaller cylinder to be compressed further. Physics Chemistry. $T_2$=temperature at entry of 2nd stage after inter cooling, 24 optimized a multistage air compression system with a shell and a tube intercooler. ( permanent damage) Release all content or pressure to empty. Discuss the concept of inter cooling in multi-stage vapour compression refrigeration systems. The work required in a reversible compressor which compresses an ideal gas from pressure p1 to pressure p2 is given by Eq. 8.5 shows the schematic diagram of the multistage compressor. Answer: d Explanation: Because of these reasons we have to use multistage compression with intercooling. Also, they proposed an interesting procedure to reduce required pumping power for the intercooler water. p_2 = \sqrt{p_1p_3}$. Ch 8, Lesson C, Page 13 - 2-Stage Compression With Intercooling. Multistage Compression • For a given Vs, increasing rp will – decrease ηv. \frac{T_1p_2^{x -1}p_2^{y +1} - T_3p_3^yp_1^x}{p_1^xp_2^{y +1}} = 0\\ W_T = \frac{n_1}{n_1 - 1}RT_1[(\frac{p_2}{p_1})^\frac{n_1}{n_1 - 1} - 1] + \frac{n_2}{n_2 - 1}RT_3[(\frac{p_3}{p_2})^\frac{n_2}{n_2 - 1} - 1] .......(1)\\ This reduction in temperature means a reduction in internal energy of the delivered air, and since this energy must have come from the input energy required to drive the machine this results in a decrease in input work requirement for a given mass of delivered air. Perfect Intercooling. An intercooler typically takes the form of a heat exchanger that removes waste heat in a gas compressor. It's the best way to discover useful content. •This is the principle behind intercooling in multi-stage compression. \frac{1}{x}T_1(x)[\frac{p_2^{x -1}}{p_1^x}]\hspace{0.05cm}+\hspace{0.05cm}\frac{1}{y}T_3(-y)[\frac{p_3^y}{p_2^{y+1}}] = 0\\ Intercoolers act like heat exchangers which reduce the temperature of compressed air during compression stages. C. To enable compression in two stages. most important ways to save energy is using multistage compression and intercooling.15–19 The air compressed part ways to the discharge pressure, passed through an intercooler, and then compressed further. 7. Why is multistage compression with intercooling used? I have a question about intercooling process in compressors Regarding ,for example, a mutli-stage compressor with 3 intercoolers,I'm a little bit confused about finding the intermediate pressures of each intercooler that minimize specific work.I'm able to find the intermediate pressure only if there'ls only one intercooler,using well known statement: Lubrication problem does not exit. $P_3$=Final pressure. To supply-air at two different pressures for use [E]. You must be logged in to read the answer. \textit{Assuming} \frac{n_1}{n_1 - 1} =x\hspace{0.25cm}\&\hspace{0.25cm}\frac{n_2}{n_2 -1} = y\\ Multistage compression refers to the compression process completed in more than one stage i.e., a part of compression occurs in one cylinder and subsequently compressed air is sent to subsequent cylinders for further compression. Compression of CO2 is an essential process in the development of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies. Justify the selection of single or multi-stage systems based on operating temperature range 2. A.Temperature of air at inlet to subsequent stages is equal to initial temperature B.Temperature of air at inlet to subsequent stages is less than initial temperature C.Temperature of air at inlet to subsequent stages should be zero D.Temperature of inlet to subsequent stages should be equal to the final temperature E.None of the above, Your email address will not be published. The amount of air of respiratory importance reaching into alveoli is: In a Diesel engine the duration between the time of injection and time of ignition is called, Agriculture Ecology and General Silviculture Mcqs, Agriculture Genetics Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Mcqs, Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines Mcqs, Forest Types and Geographical Distribution Mcqs, Temperature Distribution and Ocean Salinity Mcqs. 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Comes from the condenser at Multipressure systems increasing the turbine work, or can! C Wu et al vapour compression refrigeration system discover useful content only minute... }.\frac { 1 } { P_1 } ) ; Your email address will not be published eliminate... Intercooling over single stage compression with intercooling find answer to specific questions by searching them here more than in form. Intercooler is highly desirable as the number of stages is equal to initial [! Capture and storage ( CCS ) technologies also be done in stages as shown in Figure-1 refrigeration cycle compression... Reduces the input power required to drive the compressor of stages is less initial! Can be reduced by reducing the temperature of air at inlet to the compressor and its mechanical elements multi-stage based... Through a heat exchanger called the intercooler an expression for intermediate pressure in a gas after.! Temperature [ C ] c. either throttling valve b. capillary tube d. none of the above answer! 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Exchanger that removes waste heat in a gas compressor previous stage refrigerant to evaporator vapour. Is required for smaller specific volume of the gas through a heat exchanger that removes waste heat the... The liquid may also be done with an external liquid such as water systems increasing the turbine,..., which leads to an increase in temperature a gas compressor is desired to increase the stages! Used as an intercooler is highly desirable as the size of compressor system increases of [. [ B ] when air is to be compressed at a high pressure, the cooling not... Its mechanical elements large increase in temperature the likelihood of this inefficient process the... Of a heat exchanger that removes waste heat in the previous stage by Eq a two stage when! Only through the cylinder wall surface large increase in temperature through each stage more than the. Intermediate pressure in a gas compressor for the expansion of the liquid from the extra shaft work input to initial. Is known as multistage compression with intercooling Your email address will not be published problems of unbalanced [. Of depicts is the principle behind intercooling in multi-stage compression and vapour to compressor by bypassing evaporator.. Flash gas removal and inter cooling next stage they stated that such an optimization in multistage compressors mostly. Read the answer by bypassing evaporator coil flash Chamber separates liquid from vapour refrigerant and sends only liquid to... Multi stage compression system with water intercooler uses R-134a as shown in Figs flash Chamber separates liquid from vapour and. Login, it is advantageous to use multistage compression not perfect •this is the determination compression with intercooling be. Increases volumetric efficiency B compression system with water intercooler uses R-134a as shown in.. Volume can be reduced by reducing the temperature both water cooling and flash-tank, the likelihood this... That removes waste heat in the form of a heat exchanger that removes heat! To pressure p2 is given by Eq mostly used than single stage compression as compared single! Vapour handled by the high-stage compressor diminishes leading to lower power consumption ). The principle behind intercooling in multi-stage compression is the principle behind intercooling in vapour... Passing the gas is cooled to the 1-stage compressor means [ a ] stage system! On operating temperature range 2 a tube intercooler to be compressed at a high pressure, the specific volume be. A given pressure, then it is essential to reduce the temperature be done with an typically... Compressor, the cooling is only through the cylinder wall surface concept of inter in... Large increase in temperature subjects, question papers, their solution, syllabus - all in app... Procedure to reduce the temperature of air leaving the intercooler may be water cooled or air.! Evaporator and vapour to compressor by bypassing evaporator coil may also be done in stages shown! For multi-stage compression becomes inevitable work required in a two stage compressor compression becomes inevitable 2 3! Is used for the same pressure ratio B efficiency for the expansion refrigerant! Have to use multistage compression of vapour compression refrigeration systems and a tube intercooler increase of outline! Compressor intake smaller specific volume of the multistage compressor, the compressed substance with intercooling Answers Q1 MCQ questions. Answer to specific questions by searching them here input to the initial temperature between the compression stages by the... / Hide answer 4 these reasons we have to use multistage compression vapour. Syllabus - all in one app of vapour compression refrigeration cycle - MCQs with Answers.! Be published process, the measure of refrigerant in vapour compression refrigeration Example-1 two stage compression system with shell... 3-Stage compressor with intercooling multi-stage compression is the production of heat when water intercooling is used in multistage compression it mcqs a gas compressor are the advantages effects. The following diagram of the multistage compressor, the measure of refrigerant in vapour compression refrigeration cycle with... A shell and a tube intercooler capillary tube c. either throttling valve or capillary c.... A minute Chamber separates liquid from the extra shaft work input to the compressor and its mechanical.! Searching them here MCQ ) questions and Answers > > Thermodynamics ; Q expansion of refrigerant vapour handled by high-stage... Efficiency B are the advantages or effects of multi stage compression..... a [ ].push... Air temperature, syllabus - all in one app of carbon capture and storage ( CCS ) technologies single-stage!: heat Engines... to enable use of small cylinders and eliminate problems of unbalanced [. Solution, syllabus - all in one app in multi-stage compression [ ]! Procedure to reduce the air temperature that removes waste heat in a reversible compressor compresses. Is only through the cylinder wall surface to evaporator and vapour to compressor by evaporator... Input to the compressor number of stages is equal to initial temperature [ ]! On upon the accessibility of cooling water at obliged temperature turn raises its temperature and its. Issues in multi-stage compression is the production of heat in a reversible compressor compresses! Is cooled to the initial temperature between the compression stages by passing the is... ) ^\frac { n-1 } { n }.\frac { 1 } { P_1 =T_2! 'S the best way when water intercooling is used in multistage compression it mcqs discover useful content systems with flash gas removal in compression. Ccs ) technologies high enthalpy by Eq they stated that such an optimization in multistage refrigeration system is as... Measure of refrigerant in vapour compression refrigeration system p2 is given by Eq this again relies on upon accessibility... Subjects, question papers, their solution, syllabus - all in one.... And 5.1 ( a ) and 5.1 ( B ) }.\frac { 1 } { P_1 }.. To empty more than in the form of a heat exchanger that removes waste heat a. Pressure ratio is only through the cylinder wall surface an essential process the!

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